Precision Agriculture (PA), also known as Smart Farming or Site-Specific Crop Management (SSCM), is a farming management strategy that uses information technology to ensure that crops and soil receive precisely what they need for optimum health and productivity.

Instead of applying resources (like water, fertilizer, and pesticides) uniformly across an entire field, PA observes, measures, and responds to field variability on a granular level. The goal is to maximize profitability, efficiency, and sustainability by providing the Right Input in the Right Amount at the Right Place and the Right Time (the 4R principle).